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15 Shackles 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Temperature It is required that the shackles are regularly inspected and that the inspection should take place in accordance with the safety standards given in the country of use. This is required because the products in use may be affec- ted by wear, misuse, overloading etc. with a consequence of deformation and alteration of the material structure. Inspection should take place at least every six months and even more frequently when the shackles are used in severe operating conditions. Inspection If extreme temperature situations are applicable, the following load reduction must be taken into account: Reduction for elevated temperatures Temperature New Working Load Limit up to 200°C 100% of original Working Load Limit 200 - 300°C 90% of original Working Load Limit 300 - 400°C 75% of original Working Load Limit > 400°C not allowed The rating of shackles to EN 13889 assumes the absence of exceptionally hazardous conditions. Exceptionally hazardous conditions include offshore activities, the lifting of persons and the lifting of potentially dangerous loads such as molten metals, corrosive materials or fissile materials. In such cases a competent person should assess the degree of hazard and the safe working load should be reduced accordingly from the Working Load Limit. Most of the time the load bearing component that is in connection with a shackle is of a rounded shape. Point loading of shackles is allowed but the minimum diameter of a rounded component should be equal or bigger than the bow size of the shackle being used. Bigger diameters and/or flat parts (at shackle pin side) to increase contact area can be beneficial. Sharp edges should be avoided. Point loading When a shackle is used to secure the top block of a set of wire rope blocks the load on this shackle is increased by the value of the hoisting effect. Avoid applications where due to movement (e.g. of the load or the rope) the shackle pin can rotate and possibly be unscrewed. If such an application is necessary or when the shackle is to be left in place for a prolonged period or where maximum pin security is required, use a shackle with a safety bolt, nut and pin cotter pin. Shackles should not be immersed in acidic solutions or exposed to acid fumes or other chemicals that are potentially harmful for the shackle. Please be aware that these types of chemicals are used in certain production processes.